The Efficacy And Advantages Of Inserting Foreign Genes Into The Chloroplastic Genome Instead Of The Nuclear Genome

The Efficacy And Advantages Of Inserting Foreign Genes Into The Chloroplastic Genome Instead Of The Nuclear Genome This paper will talk about the viability and focal points of embeddings outside qualities into the chloroplastic genome rather than the atomic genome. It will likewise cover top to bottom elaboration of important issues by utilizing named examples.In DNA, neighboring nucleotides are joined by the phosphate between the 5 carbon particle of the sugar of one nucleotide and the 3 carbon molecule of the sugar in the bordering nucleotide. In DNA, one side of the twofold helix ends in a 3 end while the opposite side, adjusted the other way (antiparallel), ends in a 5 end. To these anticipating 3 closures, a short arrangement of indistinguishable nucleotides containing adenine were appended through the movement of another chemical. Another clump of DNA was treated in a moreover way, then again, actually nucleotides containing thymine were included rather than adenine.(Avril, 187-94)When these two examples of DNA were blended, the correlative tails of An and T-bearing nucleotides got joined b y hydrogen holding. This consolidated the once discrete parts into since quite a while ago, interconnected chains. DNA ligase was then added to shape bonds between the sugar and phosphate gatherings. The two DNA strands were presently one. It was surely captivating that one could now cut up DNA into eccentric heterogeneous parts and haphazardly line them back together. In any case, for additional bits of knowledge into the association of DNA and its qualities that is, the assurance of exact nucleotideâ sequences unmistakable nucleases would need to be found. The overarching feeling was that such explicit DNA-cutting ability didn't exist in nature. The main sign to the likelihood that progressively explicit nucleases may exist originated from perceptions starting as right on time as 1953 that when DNA particles from E. coli were brought into another somewhat unique type of E. coli they only here and there worked hereditarily. They were immediately separated into littler pieces. This obviously was a piece of a framework that had developed in microbes to secure them against the passageway of remote DNA. Notwithstanding the entirety of the other progressively evident types of rivalry in nature, there is a consistent imperceptible battle happened in the minute world, for this situation among microscopic organisms and bacteriophages. Darwins regular choice is reproduced here on a moment scale.(David, 131-44) First, microorganisms can be developed under controlled conditions, quickly and in tremendous numbers. Overnight, a couple of cells will duplicate into truly billions. It is essential to comprehend that a bacterial cell normally recreates basically by duplicating itself. Expecting that no changes happen in the cells, all the relatives of that one cell are indistinguishable. Such a populace of cells starting from a solitary cell is named a clone and the way toward creating that clone is alluded to as cloning the cell. The DNA in a run of the mill bacterial cell exists in two structures. One is the single bacterial chromosome which, in contrast to the chromosomes in our cells, is as a round particle. The DNA of every single other life form can be compared to a long string. In microbes, the closures of the string are joined, framing a circle. Notwithstanding the DNA in the bacterial chromosome, DNA additionally happens in microbes as plasmids. These, similar to the bacterial chromosome, are likewise round DNA atoms, yet a lot littler. At the point when the bacterial cell partitions, the bacterial chromosome duplicates and one chromosome is given to the new cell. Moreover, every one of the plasmids reproduce and half are conveyed to the people to come. The plasmids are exceptional, free, self-duplicating DNA atoms which can exist just inside the living bacterial cell.Plasmids can without much of a stretch be disengaged from microscopic organisms by tearing open the phones with catalysts which separate the phone divider. The subsequent blend i s centrifuged.The heavier chromosomal DNA, named genomic DNA, just as cell pieces will go to the base. (James, 44-49) This leaves a moderately perfect suspension of plasmids close to the highest point of the axis tube. These minuscule circles of DNA are really not essential to the endurance of the bacterium. The plasmids can be expelled from a bacterial cell and the cell will work typically. In any case, a few plasmids do contain qualities which give a stamped bit of leeway to the cell under specific conditions. For instance, the lethal toxic substance of tetanus is a result of qualities in plasmids of the lockjaw bacterium. E. coli has plasmids that cause one type of the scandalous explorers looseness of the bowels. Likely the most generally contemplated plasmid qualities are the ones presenting protection from explicit anti-infection agents. Certain microscopic organisms can deliver proteins coded for by plasmid qualities that separate anti-infection agents, for example, penicilli n, ampicillin, antibiotic medication, or chloramphenicol. In nature, this gives the microscopic organisms a protection instrument against normally happening anti-microbials. In the tissues of a contaminated patient, microscopic organisms with these plasmids may beat the organization of helpful anti-toxins. Such safe contaminations have become a significant clinical issue. This apparently elusive portrayal of bacterial life contains another key component in our story. These bacterial plasmids are utilized as the DNA particles into which other DNA pieces cut out by a limitation catalyst can be set. Returning to our unique standard, on the off chance that we cut up any DNA with a limitation protein and cut plasmids with a similar chemical, blend the cut plasmids and the cut DNA within the sight of DNA ligase, plasmid-outside DNA delusions will be framed. Quality cloning currently takes care of these issues. To clone a quality methods essentially to get a moment, unadulterated example o f the quality and make parts a greater amount of it, as though one had a record and made numerous indistinguishable ones by copying it. The copying of qualities is cultivated by first joining a couple of the qualities to vectors, for example, plasmids and embeddings the vectors, presently conveying the quality, into microscopic organisms or other reasonable cells. We have presented the fundamental standards of quality cloning as of now. In that procedure, purported remote DNA, the DNA we have expelled from a creature, is embedded into the vector atom, for example, a plasmid, to make a DNA figment. The structure of such composites or fake recombinant atoms has likewise been named hereditary designing or quality control. This method has likewise been alluded to as sub-atomic cloning or quality cloning in light of the fact that a populace of hereditarily indistinguishable microscopic organisms, all containing the ideal DNA, can be developed in extraordinary numbers, in this manner dupl icating the DNA as regularly as the cells isolate. (Roger, 34-38) What is extremely critical is that these figments inside the bacterial cells might have the option to duplicate themselves as well as really produce a particular quality item in huge sums. This methodology has just been used in the business creation of human insulin, development hormone, and the antiviral protein interferon. These would now be able to be made by microscopic organisms, in light of the fact that the human qualities that direct their union have been secluded and cloned in microbes. The bacterial cells, developed in tremendous numbers, respectful to the orders of their qualities, presently make a human quality item. Human quality items got from qualities confined and cloned during the Human Genome Project will without a doubt likewise be utilized to help mankind, especially in the fix and anticipation of illness. Think about the express and certain issues. Our qualities are a piece of the chromosomes whic h work inside the core of every cell. Each inadequate quality is in this manner inside every diploid physical (nonreproductive) cell and circulated indiscriminately in the haploid gametes. The point of quality treatment is to supplant or enhance the damaged hereditary data with typical, useful qualities. How would we be able to potentially get at those unfortunate qualities, covered up as they are inside the trillions of cells that establish the human body? The real physical expulsion and substitution of qualities in the bodys cells is preposterous. Be that as it may, plentiful point of reference exists for the presentation of typical qualities into cells where they become some portion of the practical genome of the cell without requiring the evacuation or fix of an occupant nonfunctional gene.(Victor, 910-915)For there dwell the qualities, the chromosomal subunits wherein lies the code that decides much more than our hair and eye shading, our sex, or our stature, and right-or left- handedness. They are the immediate reason for some ailments, for example, cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell paleness, direct our propensity toward malignant growth, coronary episodes, or Alzheimers ailment . . . truth be told, people are burdened by in excess of 3000 known acquired ailments. Also another wilderness in sub-atomic science has arrived. We are just presently drawing nearer through the Human Genome Project and the entirety of the exploration that it will move a personal comprehension of our qualities. This will carry with it a control over human life which must be utilized astutely. There is considerably more to be said on this topic in later sections, so let us come back to the current dramatization: the progressive disclosure of the structure and pith of the quality.

Digital Audio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advanced Audio - Research Paper Example By 1937, British researcher Alec Reeves imagined and licensed the Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). The advanced transformation has additionally been pushed forward by the coming of modest and ground-breaking computational gadgets. We should likewise remember the monstrous commitment of the military in any incredible jump in innovation. The First World War acquired power and vacuum tubes. Constantly World War, strong state hardware were created and this is the principal force in acquiring the period of scaling down and power. By 1950s and 1960s, PCs were created and utilized by the military to assemble the World Wide Web, which later on during the 1990s were made accessible to the normal customer. In 1957, Max Matthews of The Bell Laboratory exhibited how to record sound carefully utilizing PC. The advanced chronicle process comprises basically of an Analog to Digital transformation. This is accomplished by hacking up the sign into little interims at a rate in any event double the most no teworthy recognizable recurrence. Each piece of the example is then coded utilizing twofold numbering framework and recorded as heartbeats. The prior examinations were finished utilizing tape as a capacity medium however later circles supplanted them. They had a higher thickness. In slashing up the sign at the pace of 44.1 KHz (if there should be an occurrence of ACDs), the adequacy of each piece of the waveform examined is communicated as a paired number containing what could be compared to a blend of 16-zeroes and ones (if 16 Bit quantization is utilized as in ACDs) or any lower number contingent on the framework. This implies the sufficiency of this little piece of the sign tested can be communicated in upwards of 16 to the force 16 or 65,536 augmentations. Such a high number of augmentations to portray a little piece of the sign required quick account thickness and speed. In this manner video recording devices were utilized to record carefully changed over sound sign. Plates con veying video frequencies were made to pivot up to 1800 rpm and somewhere in the range of 150 and 400 rpm for sound projects. To record a full collection carefully, we needed to hold up until 1976. The primary ever 16 piece advanced account was made by Dr. Stockham of Soundstream utilizing a Soundstream Recorder in the U.S. Santa Clause Fe Opera. Sony presented its lead D/A converter the PCM 1 around the same time. Presently advanced chronicle was in the hands of any individual who can manage the cost of the machine and connect it with a current VHS VCR to change over it into a computerized recorder. In 1979, the principal completely advanced collection was discharged by Ry Cooder: â€Å"Bop till you Drop†. It was recorded utilizing a 32 track advanced multi-track recorder worked by 3M. In 1980, Sony and Philips reported the appearance of Audio Compact Disk. The chance of simple and lossless conveyance of excellent advanced sound substance at long last acquired the main influx es of the computerized blast. In the circle of studio frameworks, during 1985, there were just three models of Digital Audio Workstations (DAW) accessible and just two of them were plate based frameworks. Sound File from AMS and Direct to Disk by NED, were the main two choices the third by Denon was the DN 052 ED. Be that as it may, in the years following this, the Digital Audio Workstations were the request for the day for any studios. 3M, Sony, Mitsubishi and Studer presented their own variants of the DAW. By 1986, the advanced consoles began coming in and RDAT was presented in Japan, making it conceivable to make computerized imitations of chronicles without any problem. If CD somehow happened to supplant the LP, RDAT should supplant

How to Write a Thank You Note After Your College Tour TKG

How to Write a Thank You Note After Your College Tour We’re sure you’re all so well-mannered that you’ve been writing thank you notes since you learned script. Your grandma probably still has boxes of your letters saved. Now, we enter the adult thank you note realm. Scene: you’re visiting a college. Someone gives you a tour of the college. Two students host the information session and answer some of the questions that you had prepared. You sit in on a class with a particularly inspiring professor.You need to thank all of them. Yes, all of them. Not just because it looks good (though it really does), but because acknowledging effort is important in every aspect of life. It took a lot of coordination to put together the tour, and people appreciate being acknowledged. Trust us, receiving a personalized thank you note makes a difference. Any communication that the admissions office receives from you goes into your student file. Remember that.We wanted to give you an outline, or a high-level “How To” Guide to writing these thank you notes, which should be done within 48 hours of your visit. Here’s a sample thank you note for you to make your own:Dear ADMISSIONS OFFICER/TOUR GUIDE/PROFESSOR,                                                    I wanted to thank you so much for taking the time to give me such a wonderful tour of /providing me with a great introduction to/allowing me to sit in on your class at Georgetown.It was such a pleasure to speak with you and hear your perspective of the school--it really gave me a great idea of what it would be like to attend Georgetown.[Provide some details about your conversation, tour, or the lecture. Did your tour guide or admissions office employee inform you of a program or activity that sounded exciting to you? Mention it. Same goes for what the professor covered in class--if the content made you think about one issue from a different perspective, talk about that. Keep it brief.]I thoroughly enjoyed learning more about student involvement and activities, and my only regret is that I could have spent more time on campus. Thank you once again! I look forward to learning more in the coming months and look forward to submitting my Georgetown application this fall.      All my best,Student                            Make sure to get everyone’s business cards with emails on it, or just ask for their email when you’re saying goodbye and thanking them. It might be awkward to introduce yourself to a professor, but we assure you that no professor has ever shied away from acknowledging a potential future bright student. When introducing yourself, ask a question or make a comment about something you found particularly exciting. You can reference this comment in your email so they remember who you are.We understand that every visit is different and it might feel like a big task to sit down and write a note at the end of your visit. A great way to stay organized is by using our College Visit Notepad. Fill it out a s soon as you can after your visit (but be sure to be in the moment! Take photos of stuff you want to remember), and use it to make your thank you notes more personalized and specific. The more detailed the better, because it will illustrate that you were truly engaged and paying attention.If you need some help with this component, don’t hesitate to email or call us and we can help you write your thank you notes, or even help plan your college visits. Good luck--we have confidence in you.

The Benefits of Virtual Technology in Education for...

1.0 Introduction Education for children with special needs (disabled children) is the field of education that uses virtual reality to overcome the problems and defects in an artificial environment. Special education in Malaysia was started in 1920 by a handful of volunteers involved in the development of the deaf and blind school. There are three statutory bodies involved in the development of special education in Malaysia Ministry of Health, Ministry of National Unity and Development of the Community, and Ministry of Education Malaysia. Term children with disabilities are commonly used to refer to children of physical, sensory, cognitive, or mental health intelectual. The use of virtual reality in the context of education enable the†¦show more content†¦Besides that, based on Sik Lanyi, Geiszt, Karolyi, Tilinger Magyar (2006) by using the animated human model to show a unique of human-computer interfaces it is can help in treating the disability problem. The virtual environment also can im prove arm, hand motor skills, social skills and pain management for enhanced their social acceptance and to increase the motivation (Levin, 2011). 3.0 Motivation Behind The Study Objective of this study was to locate the child know to what extent people with disabilities can benefit from innovative virtual reality technique and examine how it can meet the needs of children with disabilities (Khushalani, 2010). This study is to find out how the use of ves to meet the needs of children with disabilities and see virtual reality can enhance the skills and social participation of children with disabilities (McComas, Pivik, Laflamme, 1998). In this study the use of virtual reality is used to reduce the impact of disabled children, improve quality of life, increase social participation and cognitive abilities as well as provide motivation to attract children with disabilities (McComas, Pivik, Laflamme, 1998). This study also focuses on the development of computer applications in improving the memory of children with disabilities is limited. example of committed memory as spatial distribution. For active participation to improve memoryShow MoreRelatedMajor Issues Of Special Education1683 Words   |  7 Pages Major Issues in Special Education The Special Education system is widely known throughout the United States as a helpful resource for people with learning disabilities. It is made so that all children have equal access to educational services that help them to be successful in the classroom. We have come a long way from 1975, when Special Education became mandatory due to United States Congress passing the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) which was a result of the discriminatoryRead MoreTechnology Devices Can Enhance Social Development For Children Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to determine whether technology devices can enhance social development for children in schools. This literature review summarises peer and non-peer reviewed literature nationally and internationally. I mainly researched data bases from Porirua Library. Outline: This literature review summarises peer and non-peer reviewed literature nationally and internationally. I mainly researched data bases from Porirua Library. Literature was gainedRead MoreSpecial Education Curriculum For Students With Disabilities837 Words   |  4 Pagesabout when we say â€Å"special education curriculum†? At first I was a little confused about this question. I was thinking about special education curriculum in the terms of an adaptive curriculum. After reading the articles form this module and locating my own article, â€Å"special education curriculum† refers to what educators are doing to make the general education curriculum accessible to students with disabilities. Although there have been many changes related to the education of students with disabilitiesRead More Federal Laws Essay examples2072 Words   |  9 Pageslaws that govern education of children with disabilities. However, they do not require inclusion, but only that a significant effort be made to find an inclusive placement. The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was amended in 1997. The term inclusion does not appear in the act, but does require that children with disabilities be educated to the maximum extent appropriate in the least restrictive environment, which is interpreted to mean the regular education classroom. The intentRead MoreUse and Importance of Computers in Education Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesin Education Many technological advances have been made throughout history making life easier, one of which is the computer. Computers have changed the world, as a lot of things can now be done through computers. Computers are everywhere at school, at work, and at home. Many daily activities either involve the use of or depend on information from a computer. Over the past decade, the number of schools with computer and the Internet access has grown exponentially, and the number of children goingRead MoreThe Benefits of Cloud Computing1246 Words   |  5 PagesCloud computing offers educational institute and others, low cost option for using all the benefits of modern computers. The era of cloud computing, completely changes the way information technology are designed, positioned, updated and maintained. Now a day’s computers are becomes more powerful and per unit cost of computing falls rapidly (Alam.M, 2013,p 20). But on other hand computers become more widespread among organizations and , large numbers of computer outcomes complex infrastructure. DueRead MoreIntroduction. In Their 1995 Book Tinkering Toward Utopia:1740 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent children developing at different rates led to the formation of the IQ test. The categorization of students by their level of intelligence followed suit. By the early twentieth century, special schools were developed for retarded children to provide them with opportunities for intellectual growth equal to those of their peers. As the twentieth century wore on and racial segregation waned, culminating in Brown v. Board of Education, education came to be viewed as a right for all children. TheRead MoreTeaching Using Technological Tools For Education1283 Words   |  6 Pagesteachers told me about her children. They use some of the technological learning tools to teach themselves and do their homework. I asked her about the experiences of her children. She said, â€Å"They learned more skills on their own. She feels h er children are more active with doing their homework online. How is digital learning going to change schools and education? Is technology improving the teachers and the students? Technology such as digital learning tools, virtual learning, and full-time onlineRead MoreEssay on Theories addressing learning styles1525 Words   |  7 Pagesthings that they can touch or manipulate. Technology supports these three learning styles; auditory, visual and tactile. Animated graphics of computer software support the needs of visual learners. Not just in a regular classroom can children benefit through visual aids, but also in a music classroom. Amy Casey, a former elementary teacher in the Kansas City school district said, â€Å"My experiences in my own classroom have proven that integrating technology into the music curriculum entices studentsRead MoreProfessional Collaboration Time As A Team And With Other Service Providers Essay2749 Words   |  11 PagesEDUC 512 Individual Application Project Marla Layton Professional collaboration time. I agree with Barnett that teachers need time to work as a team and with other service providers. I do a lot of co-teaching with my grade level teachers. Teachers do not have the opportunity to work with each other and coordinate planning times unless they come early or stay late (which is what ends up happening). Student-centered classrooms have a lot in common with democratic and inclusive classrooms. In both

Stereotypes About Hispanic People - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 757 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Stereotypes Essay Did you like this example? Stereotypes are something we hear all the time by anyone. We all label someone by their appearance, the way they look, act, or talk. Just because were labeled as something people see us as, doesnt make it true. Just like the hispanics stereotype, people see them as brown, illegal, and with low minimum wage jobs. Latinos are known as all being Mexican, having big families, and how latina women should be housewives. One stereotype that I feel that will never die down is that all hispanic people are mexican. Especially if an individual is brown. As the article Colombia Chronicle states, A majority of hispanic immigrants do come from Mexico, but Latin America is more than just Mexico. People get offended when others immediately think theyre Mexican simply because of their skin color or the way they look. The ones that think of people as Mexican forget that there are other places in Latin America such as Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras. I understand how these people feel because I have felt the same way when people immediately think im Mexican simply because of my skin color. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Stereotypes About Hispanic People" essay for you Create order For example, there was this one time at work when a man in his late 40s came into the store and I greeted him. For a couple of seconds he stared at me making me feel uncomfortable until he finally speaks up saying Youre from Mexico? It wasnt really an insult but I took it as one because he first made me feel uncomfortable with his stare and after thought I was Mexican. Which I am but I just didnt like the fact that that was the first thing that came to his mind due to the way he saw me. This ideas that people have that everyone is Mexican makes them ignorant because Mexico isnt the only place that exists and Mexican people can be light skin and with colored eyes. The ?all Latinos have big families one can also be a big problem. In my family, I actually dont have 20 cousins all around the world or aunts and uncles that I dont know but are related to me. There are some big families but its not everyone but people dont seem to notice or care and just go with what they think or know. In the US women get help from welfare or food stamps, making some women very greedy and get pregnant once again. While this isnt everyone, thats also another reason why other people think Hispanics have many kids, because they get more money without having to lift a finger. But its not every woman. Ive seen some moms out with their kids in the cold or hot weather, selling any little thing they can sell in order to be able to keep their family safe and not have them miss a single meal. According to Demo Nemo there is about 3.25 people in the average Hispanic household, making hispanics have the largest household in the US. While hispanics do tend to have many people in an apartment, it doesnt necessarily mean its all family. My parents before used to share a one bedroom apartment with 4 other people. Out of those four people, only one was family. The rest were his friends. Same with kids, Ive met so many women who always say they dont want any more kids after having two to three. Pew Research Center states how it has made a big decrease over the years. Parents went from having four or more children to two, three the most making it a big improvement. The most common stereotype a woman hears is your job when you get married is to be a housewife, care for your husband and children. This is the most ignorant thing that still occurs today. That saying was ago, when our grandparents were younger and our parents were teens. Men are suppose to put a roof over his families head and bring money to their house. While a wife is suppose to give up her life, because its not useful or important and dedicate themselves fully to their home, husband, and children. While this tradition is old, some parents still follow it and want their kids to as well. Im thankful my parents dont see it the way and that they werent raised old fashioned because I get to be more than a housewife, I get to have my own career and know how to do something in the real word. Be able to feel useful and not only useful in the kitchen.

Aids Prevention And Testing Of Hiv / Aids - 1205 Words

Nikolas LaMaack Mrs. Reaves Advanced Writing 8 October, 2015 AIDS Prevention and Testing â€Å"More than 1.2 million americans are living with HIV, including 156,300 who don’t realize it† (Kaplan). The HIV/AIDS epidemic hit a peak in the 2000’s. These diseases attack the immune system making them incapable of fighting off diseases. Specifically, HIV,human immunodeficiency virus, attacks the immune system, weakening it, and slowly making it produce more HIV-cells. AIDS,acquired immune deficiency syndrome, then takes over and the immune system is so weak that it no longer has the ability to fight the infectious cells. These diseases have no cure and can only be slowed by treatment. HIV/AIDS spreads by bodily fluids such as sexual activities, sharing needles, and accidents that include blood. Testing and prevention of HIV/AIDS should have more emphasis than treatment because it would allow people to be more cautious, treatment still allows HIV/AIDS to spread, and it would stop the contraction of diseases. Caution and knowledge when dealing with HIV/AIDS is ideal to combating the epidemic. As on average, â€Å"1 in 6 people with HIV don’t know they have it† (Greiger). HIV and AIDS are hidden killers to begin with, so regular testing is the only way to catch the disease in its early stages before a person is unaware and continues to spread the infection. Many people live years without knowing they have this disease due to the disease not showing symptoms in its early phases. â€Å"More thanShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of HIV Testing In Pregnant Women1294 Words   |  6 PagesHIV can be transmitted from an HIV infected mother to her newborn child. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), without antiretroviral treatment of the mother, up to 30% of infants born to HIV positive mother’s become infected with HIV themselves. The number increases to 35%-50% if the mother breastfeeds the baby (aidsinfonet, 2014). The risk of HIV transmission to the infant from th e mother decreases significantly if the mother used antiretrovirals throughout pregnancy and labor. If theRead MoreHiv Prevention Among The Usa1285 Words   |  6 PagesHIV Prevention amongst Minorities in the USA PROBLEM Human immunodeficiency virus better known as HIV, is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. The virus specifically attacks the CD4 cells (T cells), which helps the immune system fight off infections. Overtime, HIV can destroy so many of these cells that body can’t fight off infections and diseases. HIV cannot be cured but it can be controlled with proper treatment and medical care (â€Å"What is HIV/AIDS?†). According to the Center for DiseaseRead MoreHiv Aids And Hiv And Aids1246 Words   |  5 Pages HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus (Avert). It is virus that attacks the immune system, our body’s defense against disease (Avert). Individuals who become infected with HIV will find it harder to fight infections (Avert). HIV is located in semen, blood, vaginal and anal fluids, and breast milk (HIV and Aids). The most common method to become infected is through anal or vaginal sex without a condom (HIV and Aids). Other forms of contraction include using infected needles/ syringes, fromRead MoreIncreasing Number Of Infections Among Women1728 Words   |  7 Pagesinfections among women, very young children make up an increasingly large proportion of new infections. The issue of HIV and AIDS should be seen in the larger context of promoting the welfare of children. Rather than just developing HIV and AIDS specific strategies, the different governments, development agencies and civil society must collaborate to develop and implement HIV and AIDS sensitive strategies that will make a difference globally. WHO currently assists Indonesia and the rest of the globalRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) / Aids1278 Words   |  6 Pagesimmunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS is a pandemic problem affecting global health. At the end of 2015, 36.7 million people were living with HIV/AIDS globally. The rate of incidence is more prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa with almost 1 in every 24 adults living with HIV/AIDS. In the united states, HIV/AIDS is a diversified health problem affecting all sexes, ages and races and involving the transmission of multiple risk behavior. However, with the introduction of various prevention programs and antiretroviralRead M oreHiv / Aids : The Most Critical Epidemic914 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to HIV/AIDS, it is still today regarded as the most critical epidemic that affects a significant number of people in the world’s population. HIV statistics for the end of 2013 indicate that around 35 million people are currently living with HIV worldwide, 38 percent less than in 2001. In the same year, around 2.1 million people became infected with HIV and 1.5 million died of AIDS-related illnesses. HIV and AIDS are found in all parts of the world, however some areas are more affectedRead MoreThe Effects of HIV754 Words   |  3 PagesMental Hygiene, The Bronx has the highest HIV infection rate in New York City. In 2013, NYC.gov reported 35,172 people were living with HIV/AIDS in the Bronx. Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is the final stage of HIV. This is a world wide epidemic, especially because most people livin g with HIV dont have access to prevention, care or treatment and there is still no cure. HIV can be transmitted from certain fluids suchRead MoreAids Research Paper1428 Words   |  6 Pagestoday is the epidemic of AIDS. As a consistent killer throughout the world, AIDS has become an immediate concern to agencies and governments worldwide. In response, there are numerous international organizations that have been established to learn more about preventing, tracking, and treating the disease. Through extensive research and analysis, AIDS researchers are making gradual breakthroughs to benefit the struggle. However, since there is currently no cure for AIDS, researchers are rapidlyRead MoreEssay on HIV Among African Americans811 Words   |  4 Pages According to the CDC, about 18 % of those infected with HIV in the United States are unaware of their infection. An estimate of 1,000 young people ages 13 to 24 are newly infected with HIV each month. HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids such as semen, blood, breast milk, and vaginal fluids. These fluids can come in contact between people in a variety of ways, including having unprotected sex (oral, vaginal, or anal); HIV can also be passed from mother to child during childbirth. Mother toRead MoreSustainable Development1650 Words   |  7 Pagesdelighted to join you today in launching this book, an important tool in our ongoing efforts to demystify HIV/AIDS. The book being launched here signifies the author‟s desire to contribute meaningfully to education and information sharing materials, especially targeted toward the youth highlighting the dangers of irresponsible behaviour which may lead to contracting diseases such as HIV/AIDS. The production of the book, The Other Presence, and its translation into local languages, are thus aimed

Marketing Control and Marketing Standardisation Strategies

Question: Discuss the marketing plan for TIC Hospital. Answer: Introduction A marketing plan is an extensive record or plan that layouts an organization's publicizing and promoting endeavors for the coming year. It portrays business exercises required in fulfilling particular developing destinations inside a set time span. This report summarizes the Marketing Plan for TIC Hospital. It covers developing technique, showcasing strategies, achievement measurements, and financials. All real advertising exercises are abridged and depicted in the Marketing Activities area for snappy reference Market Summary TIC, i.e., Transitional Infant Care is a unit which takes care of prematurely born babies in the hospitals around the country("The European Market Executive Summary", 2001,p. 5-8). Since this healthcare unit has been founded with the motto of helping the babies and their families to overcome the deadly health issues, they have that required facility, and also they have their name with the collaboration of the other few hospitals for referrals. They have asked those hospitals for the referrals to the TIC eligible babies but in recent years as the collaborative hospitals have developed their facilities and different healthcare unit, they have lessened the number of references to the TIC. It has become a threat to the hospital as the lack of proper marketing strategy is leading them towards the end of it. A good marketing strategy is required to overcome the issue and to get as many patients possible to become the leading healthcare unit for the babies(Cohen , p.46). Target markets: In this case, the target markets should be different hospitals who dont possess that advanced facilities as well as the hospitals who are offering the same care at higher rates. Since TIC provides their assistance to the babies and their parents as well at a very nominal charge if compared to the market rates, so if the marketing strategy presented revolves around the comparison of the rates and percentage of care and atmosphere, then the targets may be achieved successfully(Lout, 2003, p. 719-719). Market Demographics Since demographics in marketing refers to the age, gender, income level, race, and ethnicity, TIC needs to do a proper market survey to identify the targeting and segmenting audience. Through the years, the demographic condition has changed as it changes with the population over time, and that is why proper marketing planning is needed to reach more audiences so thatno more TIC should depend on upon the referrals from the other healthcare units for patients entirely(Arnott and Casscells, 2003, p. 20-29). Because through the years, the other healthcare groups who previously give referrals to TIC, have developed the facilities and now they can provide almost same premises to the patients, and due to that reason, they now don't bother to give referrals any more. This situation has to be stopped with the help of new marketing services using technology to reach to the target audience well in time. Advertising the facilities with the aid of television, email, social media, and phones can b e of great help to highlight the reason to choose TIC for the babies(Chang and Thorson, p.75-84). Market Needs Previously TICs founder Ron David believed in the referrals from the known healthcare professionals, but now due to the development of the other healthcare units, it has come to a point that no other hospitals are giving referrals to TIC. So to cope up with the situation, firstly it is important to know what the market needs. In any sector, the market demands good quality and quantity at an affordable price, so if TIC highlights its cost feature to the audience, then it may become a fruitful reason(Berkhout, Hartmann and Trott, 2010, p.474-490). Now facilities are all same in the hospitals of that area, but the costing factor is different, and this should be the most highlighting point for the marketing. Market trends Every time the market trend follows the need of the ordinary people, as they are the most valuable element to reach the highest level of success. Now with the advent of technological use in the marketing strategy, email marketing, social media marketing, SEO marketing are the most used marketing plans in this era (Muradolu and Aydoan, p. 41-60). Because these are the easiest and cost effective way of marketing and like any other NICU hospital have started to advertise a television commercial to reach their target audience, TIC also announces their highlighted features and the whole healthcare set up to impress the goal audience. Market Growth The proper growth of TIC is only possible if some investments are made for more planned and designed facilities which can be provided to the patients. To grow more, TIC should advertise their success stories with the consent of the patient parties to let the other people know about the first ever made healthcare unit especially for the premature babies in Pittsburg. Relationships with NICU staffs have helped to get referrals previously but now targeting the right audience will do more good to TIC as this will be beneficial on the account of getting thedirect patient("Identifying Growth Opportunities In The European Market", 2003, p. 29). With the help of the advertisements, the families who are facing some problem regarding the babies, will get to know the place where should they go. Marketing Objectives The marketing objectives of TIC should be: To have a separate marketing department with the marketing personnel who can look over the marketing budget plans. The separate office will help to differentiate the responsibilities of the marketing and nursing staff, and then both can follow up their duties well(Shipley, p.48-56). Advertise through television, newspapers, emails, social media; SEO marketing should be done to get hold of a position in the market. Promotional events should be conducted in mostly populated locations, to reach to more audiences. After every promotional event, brochures and leaflets should be given to focusing more on the services offered by TIC. With the help of SEO and SEM website should be launched so that the person in need for assistance could contact easily. The site should contain proper information about the services as well as the contact details (Gaubitz and Thesmann,14-21). To enhance the financial condition of TIC, charity functions along with some sponsorships can help the organization to go ahead a long way. As through this, they can enhance their financial condition and can also make good investments for their more advanced infrastructure. Expanding of the market position will help to deliver excellent service to the people as expanding will provide more confidence in the financial aspect and thus will help in the betterment of TIC. SWOT Analysis Firstly, TIC have a high point for marketing its service, and that is its costing feature since it costs much less than any other NICU healthcare unit, it can highlight the value feature as its strength(Flacking et al., 2013, p.107-112). Secondly, due to lack of advertising and marketing strategy, TIC is failing to fill up its ten beds. More attention should be given to the point of marketing to acquire more audience. Thirdly, it can provide an excellent opportunity to the families of the babies by giving them proper care tour and can give few more facilities for the ease of the parents while staying in there. Lastly, lack of marketing planning may lead TIC to get a threat of closing the whole unit, because the other NICU hospitals are taking advantage of the advertising its features which tend to be amore useful point to them. So it is necessary to advertise with a proper planning to reach to the target audience("Target Audience", p.229). Competition Competition between TIC and the other NICU hospitals should be more. Previously, these NICU hospitals used to give referrals to TIC but now they have developed the same facilities provided by TIC. That means they have developed their services to provide a perfect competition to TIC and by considering the same strategy, TIC should also work on the advertising section to give a proper game to the NICU hospitals. Moreover, this is the only way to compete, and securely hold the position in the market. Product/ Service Offering Highlighting the offers for the services should be maintained properly. The special offers and services of TIC are good enough to bring out the audience to consult them for their problem. But only due to the lack ofproper execution of the marketing plans, they become the sufferers(Chung). TIC offers various services starting from the initial decision to admit, parent tours, family decisions; final decisions to accept the baby, all the opportunities are given to the parents of the child. Besides, they take the responsibility of transferring the baby from the hospital to TIC, then admission, proper caregiving, selected staffs for care providers, parentsrole, and discharge planning, all the features are provided to the parents. Marketing Mix A marketing mix is a tool for business mainly used by the marketers to determine the brand's offer and services. Whatever TIC provides the services should be determined well so that they can be placed in a strong position in the market. Moreover, the marketers who will work for TIC should know the pros and cons of the organization so that the marketer can manage the whole situation well("THE MARKETING MIX: A REVIEW", 2014). The four P's that includes in the marketing mix should be maintained that is price, product, place, and promotion. That means theproper quality of service should be provided at an affordable rate with appropriate promotional events at an ideal location. Promotional events are very much helpful as many people came to know about the facility at one place, and it will be more useful if they are provided with some brochures of the services given at TIC(Constantinides , 2006,p. 407-438). Marketing Strategy For TIC, marketing strategy should be planned in such a way that the organization should catch hold of the exact number of audiences(Krstic and Basic, 2011, p.118-126). The biggest problem with the group is the lack of planning because the staffs and the director of TIC alwaysprovide their attention more towards the babies, the marketing for the team is also important so that more families get to know about the organization so that TIC could serve their service to more people. As TIC claims to provide better services at a lower price, this should be highlighted with the help of the advertisements and media marketing so that, more people came to know about the offers and they could use the facility when there is a need for it, or can recommend it to someone. Besides advertising the services through media, charity functions or events can be conducted along with some sponsorship to get a good amount for their betterment. They also can make events with the collaboration of some individual organizations to attract more people to buy tickets for the event, and also they can take help from any celebrities to come over for their event. As anyone has got an emotional side so doing, some charity will be a yes for everyone. The amount which will be collected after the event, a percentage can be given to the collaborative organization and the other portion of the collection can be used for the betterment of the infrastructure of TIC. To gain more patients, TIC can increase their costing feature a little to meet up the needs for the proper maintenance of the infrastructure. But the costing should be much inferior to any other NICU hospitals. Another point is to expand the TIC Empire to hold a strong position in the market, and it would help TIC to m ake necessary changes in their service to serve more people at once. And for expanding, proper marketing policy is required to be followed and with the help of that, TIC can grow like a huge tree within a year or so. The main motto of the organization should be the responsibility to offer better service than any other NICU hospitals as well as to marketing the organization and its features well to gain the attention of more people residing in Pittsburg. Also, TIC should focus on locating its exact target consumer base. After the consumer base has been located, the company should focus on creating content suitable for that group. Being up to date by conducting market researches is an excellent means to stay updated with the consumer preferences at the given period. After the content has been created, it should be placed at strategic locations where it can easily gain hold of the consumers attention. References Arnott, Robert D. and Anne Casscells. "Demographics And Capital Market Returns".Financial Analysts Journal59.2 (2003): 20-29. Web. Berkhout, Guus, Dap Hartmann, and Paul Trott. "Connecting Technological Capabilities With Market Needs Using A Cyclic Innovation Model".RD Management40.5 (2010): 474-490. Web. Chang, Yuhmiin and Esther Thorson. "TELEVISION AND WEB ADVERTISING SYNERGIES".Journal of Advertising33.2 (2004): 75-84. Web. Chung, Henry. "Marketing Control And Marketing Standardisation Strategies: An Integrated Typology".SSRN Electronic Journaln. pag. Web. Cohen, Dorothy. "Trademark Strategy Revisited".Journal of Marketing55.3 (1991): 46. Web. Constantinides, E. "The Marketing Mix Revisited: Towards The 21St Century Marketing".Journal of Marketing Management22.3-4 (2006): 407-438. Web. Flacking, R. et al. "Influence Of NICU Co-Care Facilities And Skin-To-Skin Contact On Maternal Stress In Mothers Of Preterm Infants".Sexual Reproductive Healthcare4.3 (2013): 107-112. Web. Gaubitz, Martin and Stephan Thesmann. "Effizientes Link-Management: SEM Versus SEO".Wirtsch Inform Manag4.2 (2012): 14-21. Web. "Identifying Growth Opportunities In The European Market".Filtration Separation40.6 (2003): 29. Web. Krstic, Ivan and Sonja Becic. "Implementation Of Marketing Strategy: Factor Of Competitive Advantage".Marketing42.2 (2011): 118-126. Web. Lout, Sabine. "European Markets Target Foreign Biotechs".Nat Biotech21.7 (2003): 719-719. Web. Muradolu, Glnur and Krsat Aydoan. "Trends In Market Reactions: Stock Dividends And Rights Offerings At Istanbul Stock Exchange".The European Journal of Finance9.1 (2003): 41-60. Web. Shipley, David D. "Marketing Objectives In UK And US Manufacturing Companies".European Journal of Marketing19.3 (1985): 48-56. Web. "Target Audience".Geriatric Nursing16.5 (1995): 229. Web. "The European Market Executive Summary".Implant Dentistry10.1 (2001): 5-8. Web. "THE MARKETING MIX: A REVIEW".ELK Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Retail Management(2014): n. pag. Web.

The Wizard of Oz Movie Essay Example For Students

The Wizard of Oz Movie Essay I was only a kid , when I first watched a special presentation of The Wizard of Oz on T. V. the next day i went to the school library and picked up L. Frank Baum’s The Wonderful Wizard of Oz . Years later when i became a mother, I began reading The Wonderful Wizard of Oz to my two daughters Alexis and Neveah before bedtime. As i continued to read I was startled to find a new depth in the book which escaped me during childhood that I did not expect to find, Now all grown up i can finally grasp the underlinings and subplots scattered throughout the movie with Dorothy playing the role of the female heroine. We will write a custom essay on The Wizard of Oz Movie specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Wizard of Oz is one of the most important films of the twentieth century. â€Å"MGM’s movie was an instant hit: and, afterward, thanks to prime time television, more people have seen it than any other motion picture ever made. The Library of Congress even included The Wizard of Oz with 24 other films that it declared to be â€Å"national treasures† Even with popularity, the film was not liked by everyone when it was first released many critics gave the film horrible reviews. Most people wouldn’t hesitate to call The Wizard of Oz a classic. The cultural importance of The Wizard, its quality as literature remains somewhat in doubt. If we take a good look at some of the most popular children’s movies, we can quickly see that gender inequalities are represented there because our first experiences with gender roles come through the medium of children’s movies and they can have a powerful impact on how we conceptualize the world around us. While both the novel and the film have many of the same important female characters, the film portrays a more oppressive and sexist vision of women. In the novel, Dorothy is portrayed as a very strong, brave, resourceful six-year-old girl. When she meets the wizard for the first time and hears the Wizard’s thundering world â€Å"I am Oz the Great and Terrible!!! † she firmly replies, â€Å"I am Dorothy, the Small and Meek† but she is not really meek any more than the Wizard is really terrible. Faced with getting back home to Kansas, she sets about it with determination. And when the Wizard makes it a condition of his helping her that she destroy the second witch, she sets out immediately to do it, even though she does not want to destroy anyone or anything Dorothy is also very independent. She meets adults like the Good Witch of the North and the Munchkins who cannot help her, but she continues on her journey. Dorothy serves as an Everyman for children to follow: She is sensible, friendly, helpful, brave without being foolish, deeply attached to her friends and family, and resolute in pursuing her goals. She does not change dramatically in the course of the journey, for this is not the course of someone who badly needs to change. The wizard of oz is a story of self discovery, in which Dorothy comes to realize her own potential by the journey’s end. The characters she meets along the way, the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman, and the Cowardly Lion are not only her friends but all lack something that represent the qualities that Dorothy must to find within herself to complete her journey, courage Intelligence, and compassion!! Dorothy is the true heroine. She is the one who holds the band of travelers together. She is a very strong female character but can also have moments of weakness. she is motivated by her generosity to help everyone first before her little heart cries out for what she wants most of all .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 , .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .postImageUrl , .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 , .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:hover , .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:visited , .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:active { border:0!important; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:active , .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0 .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0c9ff81bc79ef5f91ec1ce7f26bec9a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Star Wars and the Hero's Journey EssayHOME. Judy Garland’s portrayal of Dorothy In the film is spectacular. At one point in the movie Dorothy is held a helpless prisoner by the Wicked Witch of the West. She can do nothing for herself until her friends, the Scarecrow, Lion, and Tin Woodman come to save her. When Dorothy finally defeats the witch, it is because she accidentally douses her with water while trying to splash the Scarecrow who is on fire. While Dorothy did not know this would kill the witch, her actions show her as a brave heroine. Most of the movie is about the struggle over Dorothy’s ruby slippers, of which the wicked sorceress knows the worth while Dorothy does not. The words, â€Å"There’s no place like home,† is a phrase we all know and love. The reason that Glinda didn’t help Dorothy in the first place is because Dorothy didn’t yet understand that her place is in the home. The film sends the clear message that true happiness is found in family. This realness of Dorothy’s experience in a different world is what makes The Wonderful Wizard of Oz a great fantasy.

Free sample - First Crusade. translation missing

First Crusade. First CrusadeIntroduction â€Å"Since the period of Constantine, Christians from all works of life and every place had gone on pilgrimages to the Holy Land, Jerusalem. Even though Moslems had ruled Jerusalem since 638, Christians were still allowed to visit the city† (Runciman, 13). Runciman, (45) illustrates that, by the 11th century, Muslims adherence changed the situation. By the time the number and frequency of pilgrimages to the holy land went up, the Seljuk Turks took over control of Jerusalem and stopped pilgrimages activities. This acted angered all Christians and prompted the need for the crusade. This point in time Pope Urban inspired the people to fight and regain the holy land. I write this letter with both pride and humility. This is because as a Knight who survived and reached Jerusalem I give thanks to almighty God for the great protection He gave me during this dangerous period of crusade. The history of crusade is vividly clear in both my mind and soul. As night survivor I have mixed reaction on the happening during this trying periods in Christian calendar. This is because I dearly cherish the fact that I participated on the event and at the same survived. â€Å"The crusade was so much inevitable since in the 7th century the Muslims took control of the holy city, Jerusalem and in the 11th century they started to hassle and interfere with Christian pilgrims and teaching in the Jerusalem area† (Edgington, 39). To the Christians in Europe, Jerusalem was a heavenly city, the center of their existence and they did not take lightly to being pushed out. In this regard, Popes encouragement, religious indulgences, and promise of eternal merit provoked t housands of Christians in Europe to enroll in this inevitable holy military to fight for the cause and that why I was part of this event. The European involved so much because Israel is part of Europe and since Christianity has its strong base in Israel and Jerusalem is a holy city. In this regard, the interference of the Christians in Israel by the Muslim prompted the intervention of Christians from Europe. It was a scaring scene to witness since people killed each other like wild animals. A large group of Christians formed a small organized military which was called the Crusaders. They were out to recapture the Holy land from the Muslims, and dedicated their lives to this. They were identified by red cloth that was sewn on their garments in the form of a cross. This showed that crusaders were the soldiers of Christ. The name crusaders was derived from the Latin word crux meaning cross and form the basis why Christians always carry a cross (Runciman, 1951, p.39). The Crusaders action and commitment was purely based on strong Christian beliefs more than any reasons (Runciman, 1951, p.24). The Crusaders on the other hand resurrected an older tradition of the pilgrimage to the Holy Land, which was often imposed as a reconciliation of ones-self. They assumed two roles: pilgrims and soldiers. â€Å"Armed pilgrims would normally not be accepted, but in this case they were, because they were fighting for the Christian Holy Land† Runciman (93). â€Å"Groups of crusaders rampaged through the streets of Jerusalem, killing everyone they came upon† (Runciman 112). â€Å"Some of the locals in Jerusalem took shelter in the Dome of the Rock where Tancred, with an eye towards the ransom money, promised them his protection† Runciman (113). Even though it was difficult, men not under his command tore through the al-Aksa Mosque and slaughtered its occupants (Runciman, 113). Conclusion The crusade was ultimately justified in that period in time since religion is quite important to human life and therefore any person who denies one of these rights is equivalent to killing him or her. Towards this it is worth fight for. Works cited Edgington, Susan. The first crusade: the capture of Jerusalem in AD 1099. The library of the Middle Ages .London: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2004 Runciman, Steven. A History of the Crusades: The First Crusade and the foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Volume 1 of A History of the Crusade. New York: CUP Archive, 1951 Runciman, Steven. The First Crusade. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005

Effective parenting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective parenting - Essay Example This essay is a critique of effective parenting. It highlights the practices that can enhance proper parenting, and the behaviors that parents need to avoid for the growth of their children. It is important for parents to realize that the manner in which they speak and the gestures they make amongst other expressions are significant for the growth of their children. Self-esteem in children largely depends on the behavior of parents Brooks (1997 p 67). For example, a little congratulation for good actions among the children means a lot in their development of self esteem. Self esteem is accomplished especially when the children are allowed to undertake tasks independently, which makes them realize their potential. This means that parents need to avoid trivializing the efforts of their children. The initial steps of a child mean a lot in the development of walking ability (Snow et al. 2001 p 103). It is therefore important for parents to ensure that they do not discourage their children by not showing appreciation of their efforts. Insults and quarrels are a major threat to effective development of children. Parents need to ensure that they use simple words when they warn the children concerning undesirable behavior. Rather than using insults, they need to use strong but controlled words to avoid generating frustration amongst the children (Ranga & Denise, 2006 53). Words such as â€Å"your brain must be very thick!† need not be used. Rather, parents are supposed to offer an understandable explanation of why children should act in a particular way and not the other. In essence, human beings learn from mistakes. Children should be allowed to learn effectively from their mistakes. Rewards are important in encouraging repetition of desirable actions. Children need to be reminded often regarding particular actions that were desirable to parents or other grown ups. Their initiatives also need to be

Interpersonal Communication (Children of a Lesser God) Essay

Interpersonal Communication (Children of a Lesser God) - Essay Example ny other deaf persons, must rely on different skill sets in communication – and must rely, too, on the skill sets of others, including those not trained in the art of communication with deaf persons through sign language How, then, do people overcome these barriers in communication and convey thoughts and ideas to one another in meaningful ways? The answer is that whether or not we realize it, we all use nonverbal means of communication. This essay is going to focus on those communication methods. In a scene in the film when Hurt proposes to Matlin’s character that he teach her verbal communication, there is more being conveyed than personal interests; there is personal attraction. Matlin’s character is flirtatious, and her facial expressions, even when she challenges Hurt’s character’s signing proficiency, ends with a flirtatious look, a raised eyebrow, and a tilt of her head. â€Å"Our bodies don’t exist to carry our heads around,† we are reminded by Dr. Candace Pert, author of Molecules of Emotions (1997), and research professor in biophysics and physiology at the prestigious Georgetown University in Washington, DC. Rather, thinking process is not just a function of the brain, but of the entire body suggests Pert (Weiss, 2001). The brain, which has hundreds of thousands of protein neurons, is constantly processing information, and as it does, the neurons actually vibrate and change in shape (2001). The brain is as interconnected with the physiological and emotional system of the body as are the sensory perceptions of sight, sound, smell and taste; which we are closer to in our everyday thinking and understanding than we are to the brain. However, as Pert says, the brain and heart are tied into every function, every expression, every action that we make and think, and it has a long memory and its memories are triggered throughout the course of a day without our being aware of it on a conscious level. We see this throughout the film Children

The Implication Of Nigerian Democracy History Essay

The Implication Of Nigerian Democracy History Essay Abraham Lincoln in his immortal Gettysburg address may have defined democracy as government of the people, by the people and for the people, but anybody with eyes on either side of the nose of course knows that the late great president of the United States did not have the Nigerian brand of democracy in mind when he formulated that definition. What passes for democracy in Nigeria has nothing at all to do with people. It is quite simply government of ghosts, by ghosts, and for ghosts. A situation where 150 million Nigerians cannot set eyes on their so-called president for 100 days and counting sums up the vast ghost town that the land has been turned into via the grossly abused name of democracy. A secret society is what democratic practice in Nigeria has been turned into. The ruling Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) is quite adept at using the word people to deceive people. But some Nigerians are effectively wising up to the fact. For instance, in the recent re-run gubernatorial election in the rebel state of Anambra, when the PDP cried Power to the people! the real people ran away to Peter Obis All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) leaving only ghosts to vote for the PDP! Not even Professor Maurice Iwus Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) could account for the fingerprints of the secret ghosts that massively voted for the PDP in that election!   It is in the character of this spooky practice of democracy that Nigeria now boasts of two half-presidents. In the abracadabra sense of the more you look the less you see there is the invisible president that nobody sees and the acting president who as his title implies merely acts, an ordinary actor just like that funny man Mr. Ibu of Nollywood! Not even the best writers of magical realism or science fiction can configure the phenomenon of Nigerias two half-presidents. It is against this phantasmagoric background that a body that calls itself the Isekiri, Urhobo and Isoko Democratic Union issued a release that runs thus: The chaotic melodramatic farce enacted at the Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja, by military personnel on Wednesday, during the reurn of our ailing President Umaru Musa YarAdua from his 90-day absence without leave (AWOL) can best be described as a dance macabre. That a whole President sneaked into his own country in an ambulance and was hurriedly transferred into another ambulance and taken straight to Aso Rock, without informing the Acting President, speaks volumes about the relentless nefarious activities of the infamous cabal that has held the nation to ransom since the President took ill and was flown to Saudi Arabia. The open and naked show of brute force exhibited by military personnel, who chased and horse-whipped innocent Nigerians from the vicinity is another testament that our nascent democracy is being held ca ptive by a tiny but powerful cabal.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     As is the case in the mafia, Acting President Goodluck Jonathan has just been remotely controlled to administer the oath of secrecy, aka Omerta, on his ministers. It is now a democracy of speechlessness, just like in any other secret cult. Minister of Information and Communication Professor Dora Akunyili who had been quite communicating on the incommunicado of the sitting president that necessitated the acting president caper has thus been silenced, much to the applause of the cabal on the jugular of Nigeria. The feudal juggernauts claiming to represent the North are not entirely pacified as they are insisting that the Nigerian cosmos must come apart if poor Dora does not resign her post and apologize to the feudal lords. Shout Up North! ye brethren!   Dora who defers to the Blessed Sacrament as a Catholic in doing her beat will soon understand that nothing is sacred or blessed in the cultic inferno of the PDP, the quintessential secret society. It all amounts to a family affai r of man-eat-man-or-woman! As it is written in the Bible and put to song, How can we sing the Lords song in a strange land? The PDP is to all intents and purposes a strange land to personages like Dora and Jonathan. They have been told in no uncertain terms that they do not belong. What with the coffle of the PDP telling Jonathan to his face that he should not dream of contesting the 2011 presidential election! The hoary witches and wizards of the coven of the PDP have spoken! This nonsense has lasted for far too long. If there were to be a proper national election in Nigeria I daresay that the PDP can only place a poor third as happened in Anambra State. It is only the secret society code that the goons of the PDP are using to hoodwink Nigerians with their idle talk of the largest party in Africa. With the current situation of two half-presidents superintending over the affairs of the hapless nation, the time is nigh to strike at the very portals of their secrecy and open up the Nigerian society for good. The initiative of marching on Aso Rock as enunciated by the Save Nigeria Group (SNG) is a great first step. Lets all join the crusade. The presence of a distinct civilian police force, militia, or other paramilitary group everywhere may mitigate to an extent that it could intimidate this democracy. Opponents of gun-controlled regime have cited the need for a balance of power in order to enforce the civilian control of the military. Politicians who personally lack military training and experience but who seek to engage the nation in military action may risk resistance of being labeled chicken-hawks by those who disagree with their political goals. The consolidation of democracy is not simply a problem of more or lesser military prerogatives; the high level of military prerogatives there is a moral quest to reduce such privileges. For all these, members of the professional ex-military chiefs, their serving colleagues  Ã‚   and their non-uniformed supporters were participating in Nigerias nascent democracy. They stage bureaucratic bargaining process of the states policy-making apparatus; engaging in regulatory support and at the same time, attempt to restrict the policy options of elected officials when it comes to military matters. Since Nigerias 1999 recovery from authoritarian rule, members of the police and military were not constitutionally prohibited from voting. Other significant law did not bar organizations advocating the overthrow of the government from participating in the political process .These measures, however, were implemented too late to prevent the militarys multiple incursions into Nigerian politics. History shows that the main reasons why democratic systems of government are overthrown are military: conquest or military coup. Strong defense is required to prevent or deter conquest, but a strong military can increase the threat of military coup, so a delicate balancing act is required. Consequently alliances with other democratic countries seem to play a crucial role as well as internal constitutional checks on the military. This paper analyses the evolution and maintenance of democracy from the perspective of the impact of military considerations. Insurgency arguably has been the greatest threat to Nigerias fledgling democracy. The activities of the JTF and the Niger Delta militants produced domestic anarchy, which directly challenged the govern ­ments legitimacy. This in turn led to the national state of emergency and the draconian governmental countermeasures cited earlier in the human rights portion of this work.   Opponents of the movement for democracy in Nigeria have sought to undermine it by on the one hand casting aspersions on the competence of the people to judge what was best for the nation and on the other condemning the basic tenets of democracy as un-Nigerian. There is nothing new in Third World governments seeking to justify and perpetuate authoritarian rule by denouncing liberal democratic principles as alien. By implication they claim for themselves the official and sole right to decide what does or does not conform to indigenous cultural norms. Such conventional propaganda aimed at consolidating the powers of the establishment has been studied, analyzed and disproved by political scientists, jurists and sociologists. But in Nigeria, distanced by several decades of isolationism from political and intellectual developments in the outside world, the people have had to draw on their own resources to explode the twin myths of their unfitness for political responsibility and the unsuitability of democracy for their society. As soon as the movement for democracy spread out across Nigeria, there was a surge of intense interest in the meaning of the word democracy, in its history and its practical implications. More than a quarter-century of narrow authoritarianism under which they had been fed pabulum of shallow, negative dogma had not blunted the perceptiveness or political alertness of the Nigerian. On the contrary, perhaps not all that surprisingly, their appetite for discussion and debate, for uncensored information and objective analysis, seemed to have been sharpened. Not only was there an eagerness to study and to absorb standard theories on modern politics and political institutions, there was also widespread and intelligent speculation on the nature of democracy as a social system of which they had had little experience but which appealed to their common-sense notions of what was due to a civilized society. There was a spontaneous interpretative response to such basic ideas as representative government, human rights and the rule of law. The privileges and freedoms which would be guaranteed by democratic institutions were contemplated with understandable enthusiasm. But the duties of those who would bear responsibility for the maintenance of a stable democracy also provoked much thoughtful consideration. It is natural that a people who have suffered much from the consequences of bad government should be preoccupied with theories of good government. But the conscious effort to make traditional knowledge relevant to contemporary needs was not confined to any particular circle it went right through Nigerian society from urban intellectuals and small shopkeepers to doughty village grandmothers. Why has Nigerian with its abundant natural and human resources failed to live up to its early promise as one of the most energetic and fastest-developing nations in Africa? International scholars have provided detailed answers supported by careful analyses of historical, cultural, political and economic factors. The Nigerian people, who have had no access to sophisticated academic material, got to the heart of the matter by turning to the words Zik spoke on the four causes of decline. In the process, the interim government could be able to concentrate on reviving the economy as well as restoring fundamental rights and liberties of the Nigerian people including the restoration of democracy through general elections. To that end, the international community must continue to apply both economic and diplomatic pressure on Nigerias military junta. This is to ensure that the junta does not end up doing what juntas are wont to do: make grand promises about restoring democracy without the slightest intention of relinquishing power to the democratically elected representatives of the people. A Historical and Qualitative Perspective Nigerias armed forces have undermined the democratic processes by either leading or directly supporting every Nigerian coup dà ©tat except one-the coup of 1995, in which civilians overthrew a military dictatorship . Surprisingly, it is not democratic elections, but the coup dà ©tat that has proven to be the most prevalent means of Nigerian transfer of government For instance, during the 1999 military to civilian rule elections, some Nigerian police officers with their Army counterparts seized polling stations, threw out candidates polling agents and stamped the ballots themselves. Critics also pointed to a lack of impartiality shown by the INEC and a failure to curb the widespread misuse of state funds by pro-military parties. There was limited time allotted for electioneering, and election rallies by anti-militarized parties were frequently banned or disrupted. The state owned media blatantly promoted the views of the military government view, and some opposition party activists were even gunned down. Complaints made to the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) were ignored. At several polling stations in Port Harcourt and Lagos supporters of the military-backed candidates took control of proceedings, threatened the local observers with violence and prevented their entry into polling booths, as they tampered with the ballots. Ballots were stolen, fake ID cards were in circulation, and many postal ballots were found in unauthorized hands. At some polling stations in Wuse inside Abuja (FCT), indelible ink was missing, allowing some voters to cast more than one vote. At other locations, polling stations were changed at the last minute, or valid electoral lists were missing thus preventing legitimate voters from casting their votes. Many voters complained that their names had been omitted from the electoral lists even though they had voted in the previous elections and had not changed residence. Others complained that when they arrived at polling stations they were told that their votes had already been cast. In Abeokuta and Minna no responsible authority knew where a particular polling station was. The reforms now being championed by the Obasanjo Presidency touch the military services as vitally as they affect civil society. Among the civil populace the reforms are meant to benefit those who prefer to work for a living and not live on government patronage. By the same token, the new order is also designed to favour soldiers who would rather face their profession and define their career path in terms of excellent military service rather than political adventurism. The present dispensation affords us an opportunity to reflect on issues that are germane to the institutional coherence and operational readiness of the nations fighting forces. As Nigeria continues to undergo challenging transitions in various facets of life, key national institutions are required to build up their internal structures, capacities and processes towards defending the young democracy with courage and patriotism. The Nigerian military remains a vital national institution in this regard. It must be helped to restore those core values of cohesion, hierarchy, discipline, esprit de corps and respect for constitutional order that are the hub of professionalism. An investment in military professionalism is an investment in democracy. Under rogue military regimes, Nigeria literally missed out on opportunities for the professional development of its armed forces. It is time once again to build up our military into a formidable fighting force. The death squads, linked to state structures either through active participation or tolerance, reached such a level of control that they went beyond the level of an isolated or marginal phenomenon to become an instrument of terror, which systematically practiced the physical elimination of political opponents. Many of the civilian and military authorities in power during the 1990s participated in, promoted and tolerated these groups activities. In spite of the fact that these still latent clandestine structures have not recently made their presence known, they could be reactivated at any time that those in high levels of power were to apprise that a dirty war could be resumed in Nigeria. Since these death squads constituted the element that destroyed any remaining vestige of a state of law during the armed conflict, Nigerian government should not only assume an alert and resolved attitude to prevent their resurgence, but also solicit international aid for their total and absolute era dication. In this process, two factors have become clear: first, some political parties accept and defend the ideal of a protected democracy, in which the armed forces have a significant role in the political system. Second, a characteristic of civil-military relations in the Nigerian democracy has been the generation of informal mechanisms to resolve central issues related to the military autonomy. The second way to analyze preferences is to focus on the level of elite unity about the role of the armed forces. Unified elite that rejects military intervention in politics may inhibit military intervention in politics, while a fragmented elite may permit the creation of anti-democratic coalitions between the armed forces and some sectors of civil society.   The Nigerian political transition began in 1998 when the principal parties opposing the dictatorship (Christian democrats, Activists, Radicals, and sundry agreed to participate in a constitutionally mandated plebiscite in which people had to decide whether Abachas government should continue for another eight years. Since that time, the political discourse of the transition has been dominated by some political principles that all actors have accepted, including the military actors. These principles are basic ideas that served as guidelines during the period of transition and later, during the establishment of democracy. Respect of the institutional framework. Although opposition parties rejected the Constitution that was imposed in 1993 by the military dictatorship, they accepted the framework it established. Therefore, the new democratic government had to apply norms that it had rejected in its program. For instance, IBBs government did not agree to the constitutional provision that permitted the commander-in-chief of the armed forces to remain in charge for eight additional years, but democratic authorities had to accept this constraint because it was part of the Constitution they swore to respect in 1993.Political leaders knew that citizens wanted a peaceful transition. Stability was (and still is) a central goal in the first and second democratic governments. As we will see later, the principle of stability often has been more important than other objectives such as justice, accountability, or responsibility. In conclusion Nigerian commanders in the United Nations (UN) peacekeeping mission in Liberia and Sudan have been linked to corruption. Their activities have ranged from black marketeering and running prostitution rings to actively abate it. Continuation of these practices within the ECOMOG peacekeeping mission worries this government, who fear that such behaviour could jeopardize the success of such mission in future. Clearly, the battle for democracy in Nigeria has not been won. It will take all the resourcefulness of the Nigerian people to overcome the crafty machinations of Nigerians military and sections of the clerical elite who have thrown their weight behind insurgency. For real democracy to take hold in Nigeria not only will the people of Nigeria have to fight the internal enemies of democracy, they will also have to overcome the crushing power of the military godfathers, who cynically subvert or stymie moves towards genuine democracy in Nigeria. REFERENCE: L.Chinedu Arizona-Ogwu Founder; Nigeria4betterrule, Writes from Oyigbo; Rivers State Nigerias democracy still fragile, US insists By Agency reporter, Published: Wednesday, 7 Apr 2010.

Essay --

Throughout this semester in philosophy I’ve come to realize one thing for sure, that one thing being that philosophy doesn’t not easily come defined. While reading all the works of Plato one comes to the realization that philosophy as an activity is like trying to see both sides of a door at the same time. There are many different types of doors and way to look at all of them. There are so many different types of ways to define philosophy. Plato had always been worried about the basic philosophical problem of figuring out the art of knowing and living. His goal of the great dialogues was to show the relationship between the soul and the state. This is the compelling theme of the great dialogues; the Republic, Phaedo, Symposium, Phaedrus,and Philebus. In the Republic Plato shows how justice within the individual can best be realized through the likeliness of the operation of justice within the state. Plato continues to set out in his idea of the ideal state. But, he realizes that philosophically justice simply can’t be fully understood unless seen in a spectrum to the concept of the good, which is the supreme principle of order and truth. In the Republic, Plato shows how sometimes philosophy is like trying to look at both sides of a regular door, when maybe you should be trying to look at both sides of carousel swinging door. Plato also argues for the reality of ideas as the only way to be sure of ethical standards and of objective scientific knowledge. In the Republic and the Phaedo Plato suggests his theory of forms. Ideas or forms are the established archetypes of all phenomenon, and these ideas are the only thing completely real and true; the physical world holds only relative reality for the time being. The forms are simply ... ...be hidden. This relates to the philosopher ruling because they understand the Utopia the same way you are able to see and understand all aspects of a uninstalled door. Philosophy as an activity is not simply a way of living like many people have come to believe. It’s a journey, a journey where the philosopher finds them selves constantly thinking. Constantly thinking and questioning authority until you get what you are looking for in a statement. Philosophy in so many ways is similar to trying to look at the inside and outside of a door at once. At first you may think it can’t be done, but then you ask question, which reveal answers and outlets that lead to more question and you realize that there are so many more ways to look at the door, so many more ways to look at the world. So many more ways to look at philosophy. Philosophy as an activity is looking at a door.

Children of the Taliban

Children of the Taliban 1. The government school system has completely collapsed. The lack of funding and cohesiveness amongst educators and government has caused the system to literally crumble. School buildings are also in war zones and a lot of them are structurally unsafe at this point. They have been replaced by schools of the Taliban. The Taliban actually offer guaranteed food and shelter to the children who attend their schools.Parents will even receive a monthly stipend. While madrassas are usually seminaries that teach different schools of thought, the Taliban use them to teach radically Islamic fundamentalism. Basically, they are brainwashing children into becoming jihadists or martyrs. On camera the man stated madrassas are used to teach children to play a positive role in society and that peace and love are vital to success. This was not the same explanation when the camera was off. 2.Over a million Pakistanis live in refugee in their own country because the Taliban are s uch a strong presence, the Pakistani military doesn’t have enough resources to provide protection to every citizen. Ironically, the Pakistani army is not so great either as they take over homes if needed. So, to escape war zones, jihadist recruitment, and death, Pakistani citizens are forced to leave their own homes. This is the largest internal displacement of a population of citizens. 3.Because these people have been living daily with war, many of them have become accustomed to the sound of explosions and gunfire. For example, when the children were being interviewed, gunshots and bombs went off, yet the two little girls were completely calm. Depending on their influence, people either begin to grow resentment for the Taliban, the Pakistani government, or the United States. When civilians get hurt from U. S. missile strikes, the Taliban use the aftermath to recruit children.

A Study On Republica De Cuba - 3177 Words

REPUBLICA DE CUBA The economy as a whole has a general unemployment rate of 4.3% out of a labor force of 5.233 million. In 2013 the majority of the workers were in the state sector at 72.3%, and the rest in the non state sector at 27.7%. This is a change from 2011 when the majority of the workers were in services at 63.2%. The other two sections split between agriculture at 19.7%, and industry at 17.1%. The industrial market consist of sugar, petroleum, tobacco, construction steel, cement, agricultural machinery, pharmaceuticals, and nickel. The natural resources are cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, and arable land. The agricultural market consists of sugar, tobacco, citrus, coffee, rice,†¦show more content†¦There are 8 import countries that are â€Å"China, Venezuela, Spain, US, Canada, Germany, Italy, Mexico†. There are two official currencies in Cuba. They are the Cuban convertible peso (known as the Cuban dollar) and t he peso. The convertible peso was introduced to reduce the circulation of foreign currency and serves as a tourist currency (originally equal to one U.S. dollar). Cubans citizens are paid a portion of their wages in each of the currencies. They primarily use the Cuban peso. You will only find Cuban money available, and changed Cuban banks and official exchange bureau in order to avoid scams and confusion between the two currencies. The average income per citizen is $10,200 while the economy continues growth rate is 3.1% with an inflation rate of 6%. The literacy rate of 99.8% as of 2011 estimated from a 97% back in 2008. There are 8 ports and harbors in Cuba. They are Antilla, Cienfuegos, Guantanamo, Havana, Matanzas, Mariel, Nuevitas Bay, and Santiago de Cuba. As of 2011 the railways equaled 8,203 km (5,097 miles) while roadways equaled to 60,858 km (37,815 miles) total; paved: 29,820 km (18,529 miles) and 31,038 km (19,286 miles) of unpaved. This includes 638 km (396 miles) of exp ressway. There is 240km (149 miles) of Waterways and as of 2013 133 airports. Over three quarters of Cuba’s food is imported from other countries. (worldfacts.us/Cuba.htm) (The CIA World Fact